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Journal of General Virology (2002), 83, 2177-2182.
© 2002 Society for General Microbiology

Animal: RNA Viruses

Poliovirus transcytosis through M-like cells

Laurent Ouzilou1, Elise Caliot2, Isabelle Pelletier1, Marie-Christine Prévost3, Eric Pringault2 and Florence Colbère-Garapin1

Génétique Virale-NRSN, Département Neuroscience1, Interactions Lymphoépithéliales2 and Plate-forme de microscopie électronique3, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France

Author for correspondence: Florence Colbère-Garapin. Fax +33 1 40 61 33 67. e-mail fcolbere{at}pasteur.fr

During the digestive-tract phase of infection, poliovirus (PV) is found in the oropharynx and the intestine. It has been proposed that PV enters the organism by crossing M cells, which are scattered in the epithelial sheet covering lymphoid follicles of Peyer’s patches. However, PV translocation through M cells has never been demonstrated. A model of M-like cells has been previously developed using monolayers of polarized Caco-2 enterocytes cocultured with lymphocytes isolated from Peyer’s patches. In this model, lymphoepithelial interactions trigger the appearance of epithelial cells having morphological and functional characteristics of M cells. We have demonstrated efficient, temperature-dependent PV transcytosis in Caco-2 cell monolayers containing M-like cells. This experimental evidence is consistent with M cells serving as gateways allowing PV access to the basal face of enterocytes, the underlying immune follicle cells, and PV transport toward mesenteric lymph nodes.




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