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Animal: RNA Viruses |
Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1410 Price’s Fork Rd, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0342, USA1
California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, 2789 South Orange Ave, Fresno, CA 93725, USA2
Author for correspondence: X. J. Meng. Fax +1 540 231 3426. e-mail xjmeng{at}vt.edu
We recently identified a novel virus, designated avian hepatitis E virus (avian HEV), from chickens with hepatitis–splenomegaly (HS) syndrome in the USA. We showed that avian HEV is genetically related to swine and human HEVs. Here we report the antigenic cross-reactivity of the putative open reading frame 2 (ORF2) capsid protein of avian HEV with those of swine and human HEVs and the Australian chicken big liver and spleen disease virus (BLSV). The region encoding the C-terminal 268 amino acid residues of avian HEV ORF2 was cloned into expression vector pRSET-C. The truncated ORF2 protein was expressed in E. coli as a fusion protein and purified by affinity chromatography. Western blot analysis revealed that the avian HEV ORF2 protein reacted with antisera against the Sar-55 strain of human HEV and with convalescent antisera against swine HEV and the US2 strain of human HEV, as well as with antiserum against BLSV. Convalescent sera from specific-pathogen-free chickens experimentally infected with avian HEV also reacted with the recombinant capsid proteins of swine HEV and Sar-55 human HEV. Antisera against the US2 human HEV also reacted with recombinant ORF2 proteins of both swine HEV and Sar-55 human HEV. The antigenic cross-reactivity of the avian HEV putative capsid protein with those of swine and human HEVs was further confirmed, for the most part, by ELISA assays. The data indicate that avian HEV shares certain antigenic epitopes in its putative capsid protein with swine and human HEVs, as well as with BLSV. The results have implications for HEV diagnosis and taxonomy.
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  I. Bilic, B. Jaskulska, A. Basic, C. J. Morrow, and M. Hess Sequence analysis and comparison of avian hepatitis E viruses from Australia and Europe indicate the existence of different genotypes J. Gen. Virol., April 1, 2009; 90(4): 863 - 873. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 P. Billam, F. W. Pierson, W. Li, T. LeRoith, R. B. Duncan, and X. J. Meng Development and Validation of a Negative-Strand-Specific Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay for Detection of a Chicken Strain of Hepatitis E Virus: Identification of Nonliver Replication Sites J. Clin. Microbiol., August 1, 2008; 46(8): 2630 - 2634. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E.-M. Zhou, H. Guo, F. F. Huang, Z. F. Sun, and X. J. Meng Identification of two neutralization epitopes on the capsid protein of avian hepatitis E virus J. Gen. Virol., February 1, 2008; 89(2): 500 - 508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Guo, E. M. Zhou, Z. F. Sun, and X.-J. Meng Egg whites from eggs of chickens infected experimentally with avian hepatitis E virus contain infectious virus, but evidence of complete vertical transmission is lacking J. Gen. Virol., May 1, 2007; 88(5): 1532 - 1537. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Haqshenas, X. Dong, H. Netter, J. Torresi, and E. J. Gowans A chimeric GB virus B encoding the hepatitis C virus hypervariable region 1 is infectious in vivo J. Gen. Virol., March 1, 2007; 88(3): 895 - 902. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Guo, E.-M. Zhou, Z. F. Sun, X.-J. Meng, and P. G. Halbur Identification of B-cell epitopes in the capsid protein of avian hepatitis E virus (avian HEV) that are common to human and swine HEVs or unique to avian HEV J. Gen. Virol., January 1, 2006; 87(1): 217 - 223. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. F. Huang, F. W. Pierson, T. E. Toth, and X. J. Meng Construction and characterization of infectious cDNA clones of a chicken strain of hepatitis E virus (HEV), avian HEV J. Gen. Virol., September 1, 2005; 86(9): 2585 - 2593. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 H. van Cuyck, J. Fan, D. L. Robertson, and P. Roques Evidence of Recombination between Divergent Hepatitis E Viruses J. Virol., July 15, 2005; 79(14): 9306 - 9314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Cooper, F. F. Huang, L. Batista, C. D. Rayo, J. C. Bezanilla, T. E. Toth, and X. J. Meng Identification of Genotype 3 Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Serum and Fecal Samples from Pigs in Thailand and Mexico, Where Genotype 1 and 2 HEV Strains Are Prevalent in the Respective Human Populations J. Clin. Microbiol., April 1, 2005; 43(4): 1684 - 1688. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Billam, F. F. Huang, Z. F. Sun, F. W. Pierson, R. B. Duncan, F. Elvinger, D. K. Guenette, T. E. Toth, and X. J. Meng Systematic Pathogenesis and Replication of Avian Hepatitis E Virus in Specific-Pathogen-Free Adult Chickens J. Virol., March 15, 2005; 79(6): 3429 - 3437. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Z. F. Sun, C. T. Larsen, F. F. Huang, P. Billam, F. W. Pierson, T. E. Toth, and X. J. Meng Generation and Infectivity Titration of an Infectious Stock of Avian Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Chickens and Cross-Species Infection of Turkeys with Avian HEV J. Clin. Microbiol., June 1, 2004; 42(6): 2658 - 2662. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. F. Huang, Z. F. Sun, S. U. Emerson, R. H. Purcell, H. L. Shivaprasad, F. W. Pierson, T. E. Toth, and X. J. Meng Determination and analysis of the complete genomic sequence of avian hepatitis E virus (avian HEV) and attempts to infect rhesus monkeys with avian HEV J. Gen. Virol., June 1, 2004; 85(6): 1609 - 1618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Z. F. Sun, C. T. Larsen, A. Dunlop, F. F. Huang, F. W. Pierson, T. E. Toth, and X.-J. Meng Genetic identification of avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) from healthy chicken flocks and characterization of the capsid gene of 14 avian HEV isolates from chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in different geographical regions of the United States J. Gen. Virol., March 1, 2004; 85(3): 693 - 700. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. F. Huang, G. Haqshenas, H. L. Shivaprasad, D. K. Guenette, P. R. Woolcock, C. T. Larsen, F. W. Pierson, F. Elvinger, T. E. Toth, and X. J. Meng Heterogeneity and Seroprevalence of a Newly Identified Avian Hepatitis E Virus from Chickens in the United States J. Clin. Microbiol., November 1, 2002; 40(11): 4197 - 4202. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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