| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Animal: RNA Viruses |
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Strasse 51–59, 63225 Langen, Germany1
Author for correspondence: Christian Buchholz. Fax: +49 6103/771255. e-mail bucch{at}pei.de
Activation of the murine leukaemia virus (MLV) envelope protein (Env) requires proteolytic cleavage of the R-peptide, a 16 amino acid C-terminal part of the cytoplasmic tail (C-tail) of Env. This paper demonstrates the presence of R-peptides in Env proteins of C-type retroviruses of simian, avian and porcine origin. Sequence alignment with the MLV C-tail led to the identification of a conserved hydrophobic protease cleavage motif located in the centre of retroviral Env protein C-tails. Expression of Env proteins, truncated at the predicted cleavage sites, of spleen necrosis virus (SNV), gibbon ape leukaemia virus and porcine endogenous retroviruses resulted in cell–cell fusion as monitored by microscopy and reporter gene fusion assays. Western blot analysis of MLV particles pseudotyped with the SNV Env protein demonstrated proteolytic cleavage of the SNV R-peptide by the MLV protease. Our data suggest that activation of membrane fusion by R-peptide cleavage is a common mode in C-type retroviruses.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  R. Loving, K. Li, M. Wallin, M. Sjoberg, and H. Garoff R-Peptide Cleavage Potentiates Fusion-Controlling Isomerization of the Intersubunit Disulfide in Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Env J. Virol., March 1, 2008; 82(5): 2594 - 2597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L. Murphy and G. N. Gaulton TR1.3 Viral Pathogenesis and Syncytium Formation Are Linked to Env-Gag Cooperation J. Virol., October 1, 2007; 81(19): 10777 - 10785. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Stitz, N. Wolfrum, C. J. Buchholz, and K. Cichutek Envelope proteins of spleen necrosis virus form infectious human immunodeficiency virus type 1 pseudotype vector particles, but fail to incorporate upon substitution of the cytoplasmic domain with that of Gibbon ape leukemia virus J. Gen. Virol., June 1, 2006; 87(6): 1577 - 1581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. B. Andersen, H. A. Diep, and A. Zedeler Murine leukemia virus transmembrane protein R-peptide is found in small virus core-like complexes in cells J. Gen. Virol., June 1, 2006; 87(6): 1583 - 1588. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Song, K. Micoli, and E. Hunter Activity of the Mason-Pfizer Monkey Virus Fusion Protein Is Modulated by Single Amino Acids in the Cytoplasmic Tail J. Virol., September 15, 2005; 79(18): 11569 - 11579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A. Merten, J. Stitz, G. Braun, E. M. Poeschla, K. Cichutek, and C. J. Buchholz Directed Evolution of Retrovirus Envelope Protein Cytoplasmic Tails Guided by Functional Incorporation into Lentivirus Particles J. Virol., January 15, 2005; 79(2): 834 - 840. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Niebert and R. R. Tonjes Evolutionary Spread and Recombination of Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses in the Suiformes J. Virol., January 1, 2005; 79(1): 649 - 654. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Chang, P.-T. Chen, G.-D. Chang, C.-J. Huang, and H. Chen Functional Characterization of the Placental Fusogenic Membrane Protein Syncytin Biol Reprod, December 1, 2004; 71(6): 1956 - 1962. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Matsuyama, S. E. Delos, and J. M. White Sequential Roles of Receptor Binding and Low pH in Forming Prehairpin and Hairpin Conformations of a Retroviral Envelope Glycoprotein J. Virol., August 1, 2004; 78(15): 8201 - 8209. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Kubo and H. Amanuma Mutational analysis of the R peptide cleavage site of Moloney murine leukaemia virus envelope protein J. Gen. Virol., August 1, 2003; 84(8): 2253 - 2257. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| INT J SYST EVOL MICROBIOL | MICROBIOLOGY | J GEN VIROL |
| J MED MICROBIOL | ALL SGM JOURNALS | |
