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Pseudorabies virus (PRV)-specific antibodies suppress intracellular viral protein levels in PRV-infected monocytes

¹ Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
² Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, Insel Riems, Germany

Correspondence
Hans J. Nauwynck
Hans.Nauwynck{at}rug.ac.be

Blood monocytes infected with pseudorabies virus (PRV), a swine alphaherpesvirus, are not eliminated efficiently by antibody-dependent immunity and may occasionally transport PRV to the pregnant uterus of vaccinated animals. This study examines in vitro the long-term fate of PRV-infected monocytes cultivated in the presence of porcine PRV-specific antibodies. All monocytes were infected and expressed viral late proteins, and 30 % of PRV-infected monocytes cultivated with PRV-specific antibodies survived up to 194 h post-infection (p.i.), the end of the experiment (compared to 0 % for cells cultivated with PRV-negative antibodies). Of these surviving cells, ±75 % no longer expressed microscopically detectable viral late proteins from 144 h p.i. onwards. Remarkably, monocytes infected with a PRV gB-null virus did not survive in the presence of PRV-specific antibodies. These data suggest that PRV-specific antibodies suppress viral protein levels in infected monocytes, perhaps helping the virus to persist and reach internal organs in vaccinated animals.

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