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1 Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 139, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
2 Laboratoire Retrovirus, UR36 IRD, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 5045, 34032 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
Correspondence
Jonathan Heeney
heeney{at}bprc.nl
A retrospective study spanning 20 years was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and modes of transmission of a simian T-cell lymphotropic virus (STLV) in a closed breeding colony of chimpanzees. Of the 197 animals tested, 22 had antibodies that were cross-reactive with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-I) antigens. The specificity of the antibody response was confirmed by Western blot analysis and the presence of a persistent virus infection was established by PCR analysis of DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Sequence analysis revealed that the virus infecting these chimpanzees was not HTLV-I but STLVcpz, a virus that naturally infects chimpanzees. The limited number of transmission events suggested that management practices of social housing of family units away from troops of mature males might have prevented the majority of cases of transmission. Evidence for transmission by blood-to-blood contact was documented clearly in at least one instance. In contrast, transmission from infected mother to child was not observed, suggesting that this is not a common route of transmission for STLV in this species, which is in contrast to HTLV-1 in humans.
EMBL database accession numbers of the STLVcpz sequences described in this study are Y18902, Y18903 and AJ493584–AJ493594.
Published ahead of print on 11 December 2002 as DOI 10.1099/vir.0.18778-0.
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