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1 State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region 630559, Russia
2 D. I. Ivanovskii Institute of Virology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 123098, Russia
3 Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Humanmedizin, Institut für Infektionsmedizin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
4 University of Nevada at Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
Correspondence
Vladimir Petrov and Sergey Morzunov
petrovvs{at}vector.nsc.ru and sergey@unr.edu
Hyalomma marginatum ticks (449 pools, 4787 ticks in total) collected in European Russia and Dermacentor niveus ticks (100 pools, 1100 ticks in total) collected in Kazakhstan were screened by ELISA for the presence of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). Virus antigen was found in 10·2 and 3·0 % of the pools, respectively. RT-PCR was used to recover partial sequences of the CCHFV small (S) genome segment from seven pools of antigen-positive H. marginatum ticks, one pool of D. niveus ticks, four CCFH cases and four laboratory virus strains. Additionally, the entire S genome segments of the CCHFV strains STV/HU29223 (isolated from a patient in European Russia) and TI10145 (isolated from H. asiaticum in Uzbekistan) were amplified, cloned and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis placed all CCHFV sequences from Russia in a single, well-supported clade (nucleotide sequence diversity up to 3·2 %). Virus sequences from H. marginatum were closely related or identical to those recovered from patients in the same regions of southern Russia. Newly described CCHFV strains from Central Asian countries fell into two genetic lineages. The first lineage was novel and included closely related virus sequences from Kazakhstan and Tajikistan (nucleotide sequence diversity up to 3·2 %). In contrast, a newly described CCHFV strain from Uzbekistan, strain TI10145, clustered on the phylogenetic trees with strains from China.
The nucleotide sequences determined in this report are available in GenBank under the accession nos AY049078AY049083, AY045562AY045567, AF481799AF481805 and AF362743AF362746.
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