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Interferon (IFN)-/, interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 coordinately induce production of IFN- during infection with herpes simplex virus type 2

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

Correspondence
Søren Paludan
srp{at}microbiology.au.dk

Interferons (IFNs) are important mediators of antiviral activity. In this study we have investigated how production of IFN- is induced during herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection in murine peritoneal cells (PCs). We found that HSV-2 infection of thioglycolate-activated PCs from BALB/c mice rapidly led to expression of type 1 IFNs (IFN-/) and interleukin (IL)-12, which was followed by production of IFN-. IL-12 alone induced the most expression of IFN-, which was augmented by cotreatment with IFN- or IL-18, or combinations of IFN- and IL-18. Moreover, neutralization of any of these cytokines in vitro strongly reduced the production of IFN-, and neutralization of all three cytokines totally prevented HSV-2-induced IFN- expression. Our data suggest that IFN- production is induced during HSV-2 infection through the coordinated action of IFN-/, IL-12 and IL-18.