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Gut-homing (₄₇⁺) Th1 memory responses after inactivated poliovirus immunization in poliovirus orally pre-immunized donors

Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Virology, Building 47, University of the Saarland, Kirrberger Strasse, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany

Correspondence
Andreas Meyerhans
Andreas.Meyerhans{at}uniklinik-saarland.de

Mucosal infections are prevented by a specialized local immune system. Immune cells of this compartment can also be found in the blood and are characterized by the expression of mucosa-specific homing molecules. Here, the cellular immune responses after inactivated poliovirus immunization (IPV) in poliovirus orally pre-immunized donors were investigated. Subcutaneous IPV induced a transient increase in the proliferative response against poliovirus antigen and in the number of poliovirus-specific CD4⁺ T cells in the blood of the vaccinees. These cells were characterized to be of the effector memory type (CD45RA^–/CD45RO⁺/CCR7^–/CD27⁺) and expressed the homing molecule ₄₇, indicating their origin from the gut. Together these data show the recurrence of gut-derived poliovirus-specific cells upon IPV and evaluate the whole-blood assay as a powerful tool for monitoring the success of a vaccination.

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