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Graduate Institute and Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1 1st Section Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan
Correspondence
Mei-Ru Chen
mrc{at}ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw
BGLF4 is the only serine/threonine protein kinase identified in EpsteinBarr virus (EBV); it is known to phosphorylate viral DNA polymerase processivity factor, EA-D (BMRF1), EBNA-LP, EBNA-2, cellular EF-1
and nucleoside analogue ganciclovir. However, the expression and biological functions of BGLF4 have not yet been clearly demonstrated in EBV-infected cells. To reveal authentic functions of BGLF4 protein within viral-replicating cells, a panel of specific monoclonal antibodies was generated and characterized. The major immunogenic regions of BGLF4 were mapped to aa 2770 and 327429. Using these antibodies, the expression kinetics and localization of BGLF4 were analysed in reactivated EBV-positive lymphoid and epithelial cells. BGLF4 was expressed as a phosphoprotein at the early lytic stage and was detected predominantly in the nucleus of EBV-positive cells, but small amounts of BGLF4 were observed in cytosolic and heavy membrane fractions at the late phase of virus replication. Additionally, it was demonstrated that BGLF4 co-localizes with viral DNA polymerase processivity factor, EA-D (BMRF1), in the virus replication compartment and that it is a virion component. Finally, possible functional domains at the N terminus of BGLF4 were analysed and it was found that aa 126 of BGLF4 are dispensable for EA-D phosphorylation, whereas deletion of aa 2770 reduced kinase activity.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
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