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Co-evolutionary patterns of variation in small and large RNA segments of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus

Novel and Dangerous Pathogens, Virology, Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response, Health Protection Agency – Porton Down, Salisbury, Wilts SP4 0JG, UK

Correspondence
Roger Hewson
roger.hewson{at}hpa.org.uk

The genus Nairovirus of the family Bunyaviridae includes the Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) species group. The species is predominated by the hazard-group 4 pathogens, from which the name and majority of strain entries are derived. Additionally, the species embraces hazard-group 2 viruses that are classified as members by antigenic cross-reactivity. CCHF viruses have a tripartite RNA genome consisting of large (L), medium (M) and small (S) segments. Here, the sequence characterization of previously undescribed L and S segments from novel strains originating in the Middle East and Africa is reported. Further scrutiny of this data with phylogenetic tools, in the context of other publicly available sequence information, reveals analogous grouping patterns between the L and S segments. These groups correlate with the geographical distribution of strain isolation and indicate that the L and S segments of CCHF viruses have evolved together.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the L segment sequences of strains Baghdad-12, Semunya, SPU4/81, SPU128/81/7 and IbAr10200 are AY947890 [GenBank] , DQ076412 [GenBank] , DQ076417 [GenBank] , DQ076414 [GenBank] and AY947891 [GenBank] , respectively; those for the complete S segment sequences of strains Semunya, SPU4/81 and SPU128/81/7 are DQ076413 [GenBank] , DQ076416 [GenBank] and DQ076415 [GenBank] , respectively.

Phylogenetic trees built from smaller sequence alignments that span the full length of the L segment are available as supplementary figures in JGV Online.

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