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J Gen Virol 86 (2005), 719-725; DOI 10.1099/vir.0.80546-0

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© 2005 Society for General Microbiology

Isolation of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus from domestic peafowl (Pavo cristatus) and teal (Anas)

Shengwang Liu1, Jianfei Chen1, Jinding Chen2, Xiangang Kong1, Yuhao Shao1, Zongxi Han1, Li Feng1, Xuehui Cai1, Shoulin Gu1 and Ming Liu1

1 National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
2 South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510246, People's Republic of China

Correspondence
Xiangang Kong
xgkong{at}hvri.ac.cn

Coronavirus-like viruses, designated peafowl/China/LKQ3/2003 (pf/CH/LKQ3/03) and teal/China/LDT3/2003 (tl/CH/LDT3/03), were isolated from a peafowl and a teal during virological surveillance in Guangdong province, China. Partial genomic sequence analysis showed that these isolates had the S–3–M–5–N gene order that is typical of avian coronaviruses. The spike, membrane and nucleocapsid protein genes of pf/CH/LKQ3/03 had >99 % identity to those of the avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus H120 vaccine strain (Massachusetts serotype) and other Massachusetts serotype isolates. Furthermore, when pf/CH/LKQ3/03 was inoculated experimentally into chickens (specific-pathogen-free), no disease signs were apparent. tl/CH/LDT3/03 had a spike protein gene with 95 % identity to that of a Chinese infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolate, although more extensive sequencing revealed the possibility that this strain may have undergone recombination. When inoculated into chickens, tl/CH/LDT3/03 resulted in the death of birds from nephritis. Taken together, this information suggests that pf/CH/LKQ3/03 might be a revertant, attenuated vaccine IBV strain, whereas tl/CH/LDT3/03 is a nephropathogenic field IBV strain, generated through recombination. The replication and non-pathogenic nature of IBV in domestic peafowl and teal under field conditions raises questions as to the role of these hosts as carriers of IBV and the potential that they may have to transmit virus to susceptible chicken populations.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the sequences of isolates pf/CH/LKQ3/03 and tl/CH/LDT3/03 are AY702085 and AY702975, respectively.




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