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Identification and functional analysis of VP3, the guanylyltransferase of Banna virus (genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae)

¹ Unité des Virus Emergents: EFS Alpes-Méditerranée and Faculté de Médecine de Marseille, Université de la Méditerranée, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille cedex 5, France
² Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK
³ Maladies Virales Émergentes et Systèmes d'Information UR034, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Marseille, France

Correspondence
Houssam Attoui
h-attoui-ets-ap{at}gulliver.fr

Banna virus (BAV) particles contain seven structural proteins: VP4 and VP9 form an outer-capsid layer, whilst the virus core contains three major proteins (VP2, VP8 and VP10) and two minor proteins (VP1 and VP3). Sequence analysis showed that VP3 contains motifs [Kx(I/V/L)S] and (Hx_nH) that have previously been identified in the guanylyltransferases of other reoviruses. Incubation of purified BAV-Ch core particles with [-³²P]GTP resulted in exclusive covalent labelling of VP3, demonstrating autoguanylation activity (which is considered indicative of guanylyltransferase activity). Recombinant VP3 prepared in a cell-free expression system was also guanylated under similar reaction conditions, and products were synthesized (in the presence of non-radiolabelled GDP) that co-migrated with GMP, GDP and GpppG during TLC. This reaction, which required magnesium ions for optimum activity, demonstrates that VP3 possesses nucleoside triphosphatase (GTPase) activity and is the BAV guanylyltransferase (RNA ‘capping’ enzyme).

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