HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Wang, Z. Articles by Hou, J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Wang, Z. Articles by Hou, J. Agricola Articles by Wang, Z. Articles by Hou, J.

A new intertype recombinant between genotypes C and D of hepatitis B virus identified in China

¹ College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
² Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, China
³ Institute of Hepatology, University College London, London WC1E 6HX, UK

Correspondence
Jinlin Hou
jlhou{at}fimmu.com
Zhanhui Wang
wangzhh{at}fimmu.com

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes have a characteristic geographical distribution. More than 90 % of chronic HBV patients in China are infected with genotypes B or C. Here, eight HBV isolates that were initially classified as genotype D by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were analysed in detail. The complete HBV genome was sequenced and compared with 32 sequences retrieved from GenBank, representing HBV genotypes A–G. Phylogenetic analysis of the S gene (nt 10–800) classified all eight isolates as genotype D. However, phylogenetic analyses of nt 800–10 and the open reading frames (ORFs) of the precore/core and X genes classified all eight isolates as genotype C. This discordance between phylogenetic trees reconstructed on different ORFs suggested that intertype recombination has occurred in all eight isolates. By using the SIMPLOT program, the site of recombination with genotype D was located in the preS2/S region, spanning nt 10–799 in seven of eight isolates and nt 10–1499 in the other isolate. These results demonstrate that intertype recombination should be considered as a type of variation that increases the genetic diversity of HBV. Hybrids of different HBV genotypes might exhibit specific virological properties and their significance in the diagnosis and management of chronic hepatitis B deserves further investigation.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the sequences reported in this paper are AY817509–AY817515 and AY800249.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				K. Tatematsu, Y. Tanaka, F. Kurbanov, F. Sugauchi, S. Mano, T. Maeshiro, T. Nakayoshi, M. Wakuta, Y. Miyakawa, and M. Mizokami A Genetic Variant of Hepatitis B Virus Divergent from Known Human and Ape Genotypes Isolated from a Japanese Patient and Provisionally Assigned to New Genotype J J. Virol., October 15, 2009; 83(20): 10538 - 10547. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Garmiri, A. Loua, N. Haba, D. Candotti, and J.-P. Allain Deletions and recombinations in the core region of hepatitis B virus genotype E strains from asymptomatic blood donors in Guinea, west Africa J. Gen. Virol., October 1, 2009; 90(10): 2442 - 2451. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Utsumi, M. I. Lusida, Y. Yano, V. E. Nugrahaputra, M. Amin, Juniastuti, Soetjipto, Y. Hayashi, and H. Hotta Complete Genome Sequence and Phylogenetic Relatedness of Hepatitis B Virus Isolates in Papua, Indonesia J. Clin. Microbiol., June 1, 2009; 47(6): 1842 - 1847. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. W. Bloomquist, K. S. Dorman, and M. A. Suchard StepBrothers: inferring partially shared ancestries among recombinant viral sequences Biostat., January 1, 2009; 10(1): 106 - 120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. A. Peters, S. D. Tyler, C. Grose, A. Severini, M. J. Gray, C. Upton, and G. A. Tipples A Full-Genome Phylogenetic Analysis of Varicella-Zoster Virus Reveals a Novel Origin of Replication-Based Genotyping Scheme and Evidence of Recombination between Major Circulating Clades J. Virol., October 1, 2006; 80(19): 9850 - 9860. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. L. Mathet, M. L. Cuestas, V. Ruiz, M. L. Minassian, C. Rivero, J. Trinks, G. Daleoso, L. M. Leon, A. Sala, B. Libellara, et al. Detection of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Genotype E Carried--Even in the Presence of High Titers of Anti-HBs Antibodies--by an Argentinean Patient of African Descent Who Had Received Vaccination against HBV. J. Clin. Microbiol., September 1, 2006; 44(9): 3435 - 3439. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Yang, K. Xing, R. Deng, J. Wang, and X. Wang Identification of Hepatitis B virus putative intergenotype recombinants by using fragment typing. J. Gen. Virol., August 1, 2006; 87(Pt 8): 2203 - 2215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. D. Tyler and A. Severini The Complete Genome Sequence of Herpesvirus Papio 2 (Cercopithecine Herpesvirus 16) Shows Evidence of Recombination Events among Various Progenitor Herpesviruses J. Virol., February 1, 2006; 80(3): 1214 - 1221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Simmonds and S. Midgley Recombination in the Genesis and Evolution of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes J. Virol., December 15, 2005; 79(24): 15467 - 15476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Suwannakarn, P. Tangkijvanich, A. Theamboonlers, K. Abe, and Y. Poovorawan A novel recombinant of Hepatitis B virus genotypes G and C isolated from a Thai patient with hepatocellular carcinoma J. Gen. Virol., November 1, 2005; 86(11): 3027 - 3030. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]