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Genetic mapping of the compatibility between a lily isolate of Cucumber mosaic virus and a satellite RNA

¹ Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
² Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 139-774, Korea
³ Plant Virus GenBank, Division of Environmental and Life Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, 139-774, Korea
⁴ Division of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Korea

Correspondence
Chikara Masuta
masuta{at}res.agr.hokudai.ac.jp

Five isolates of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) from Lilium sp. (lily), which were isolated from specimens in Japan, Korea and Taiwan, were unable to support satellite RNA (satRNA) accumulation. In order to map the CMV sequences that are involved in satRNA support, HL-CMV (Japanese lily isolate), Y-CMV (ordinary strain) and Y-satellite RNA (Y-sat) were used as the source material. The pseudorecombinants between Y-CMV and HL-CMV revealed that RNA1 was essential for satRNA replication in lily. The results of chimeric constructs and various mutations showed that two amino acid residues (at positions 876 and 891) in the 1a protein were the determinants for the inability of HL-CMV to support a satRNA. Specifically, Thr at position 876 had a more pronounced effect than Met at position 891. Specific changes in RNA sequence were also detected in the 3' terminus of Y-sat and these particular alterations allowed it to be supported by HL-CMV. It is believed that, through evolution, the adaptation of CMV to lily resulted in the introduction of amino acid changes in the 1a protein, changes that coincidentally affected the ability of lily CMV to support satRNAs.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA1 of HL-CMV is AB186043.

Supplementary figures showing representative results of Y-sat detection and Northern blot analysis of the CMV mutant constructs are available in JGV Online.