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Phylogenetic analysis of human parvovirus B19, indicating two subgroups of genotype 1 in Vietnamese patients

¹ Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
² Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany
³ Medical Research Unit, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambarene, Gabon
⁴ Tran Hung Dao Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
⁵ Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Germany
⁶ 354 Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
⁷ Department of Medicine, Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Centre for Clinical Research Excellence, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia

Correspondence
C.-Thomas Bock
thomas.bock{at}med.uni-tuebingen.de

Recently, three distinct genotypes (1, 2 and 3) of human parvovirus B19 (B19) have been identified. However, the characteristics and distribution of B19 genotypes in Vietnam have not been investigated. Phylogenetic analysis using 49 subgenomic NS1/VP1u regions and two coding NS1–VP1/VP2 regions has been applied to investigate the prevalence of B19 genotypes in Vietnamese patients co-infected with Hepatitis B virus. Genetic analysis of the subgenomic NS1/VP1u region of B19 revealed that two genotypes of B19 were identified in these populations, with predominance of genotype 1 (47/49, 96 %) followed by genotype 2 (2/49, 4 %), but not genotype 3. Further, phylogenetic analysis of subgenomic B19 genomes revealed two major subgroups within genotype 1 (B19-1A and B19-1B) with an estimated nucleotide difference of >5 % between each subgroup, forming different branches. The mean percentage of amino acid variation between subgroup B19-1A and B19-1B was >2 % of the NS1, VP1 and VP2 proteins. Our results indicated that two of the three known genotypes of B19 were present in Vietnamese patients, with genotype 1 predominating, and that this genotype can be classified into at least two subgroups, B19-1A and B19-1B.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the nucleotide sequences of B19 samples determined in this study are DQ357064 (V147) and DQ357065 (V115).

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