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Non-structural proteins of dengue 2 virus offer limited protection to interferon-deficient mice after dengue 2 virus challenge

Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services, PO Box 2087, Fort Collins, CO 80522, USA

Correspondence
Amanda E. Calvert
zpz0{at}cdc.gov

Chimeric (D2/WN) viruses containing the pre-membrane (prM) and envelope (E) proteins of West Nile virus (WN virus) and the capsid (C) and non-structural proteins of dengue 2 (DEN2) virus were used to evaluate the protective immunity elicited by either the flaviviral E protein or non-structural proteins. AG129 interferon-deficient mice, previously shown to be protected against lethal DEN1 or DEN2 viral infection after vaccination with a wild-type or candidate vaccine strain of DEN1 or DEN2 virus, respectively, were immunized with chimeric D2/WN virus and then challenged with DEN2 virus. D2/WN chimeric viruses were non-pathogenic in AG129 mice. These viruses elicited little anti-DEN E antibody, high levels of anti-DEN NS1 antibody and no or very low levels of DEN2 virus-neutralizing antibodies. Only 15 % of D2/WN-immunized mice survived challenge with DEN2 virus. However, their mean survival time increased by 11–14 days over non-immunized controls. These results suggest that, whilst the non-structural proteins were able to enhance mean survival times of AG129 mice, this protection was not as effective as protection mediated by the E protein.

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