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Hepatitis C virus polyprotein vaccine formulations capable of inducing broad antibody and cellular immune responses

Mark Selby^1,

¹ Chiron Vaccines, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
² Chiron Vaccines, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy

Correspondence
Michael Houghton
michael_houghton{at}chiron.com

Although approximately 3 % of the world's population is infected with Hepatitis C virus (HCV), there is no prophylactic vaccine available. This study reports the design, cloning and purification of a single polyprotein comprising the HCV core protein and non-structural proteins NS3, NS4a, NS4b, NS5a and NS5b. The immunogenicity of this polyprotein, which was formulated in alum, oil-in-water emulsion MF59 or poly(DL-lactide co-glycolide) in the presence or absence of CpG adjuvant, was then determined in a murine model for induction of B- and T-cell responses. The addition of adjuvants or a delivery system to the HCV polyprotein enhanced serum antibody and T-cell proliferative responses, as well as IFN- responses, by CD4⁺ T cells. The antibody responses were mainly against the NS3 and NS5 components of the polyprotein and relatively poor responses were elicited against NS4 and the core components. IFN- responses, however, were induced against all of the individual components of the polyprotein. These data suggest that the HCV polyprotein delivered with adjuvants induces broad B- and T-cell responses and could be a vaccine candidate against HCV.

Present address: Medarex Inc., 521 Cottonwood Drive, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA.

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