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Restricted replication and lysosomal trafficking of yellow fever 17D vaccine virus in human dendritic cells

¹ Department of Virus Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
² Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, MD, USA
³ Infectious Disease Directorate, Naval Medical Research Institute, Silver Spring, MD, USA
⁴ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington DC, USA

Correspondence
Dupeh R. Palmer
dupeh.palmer{at}na.amedd.army.mil

The yellow fever virus attenuated 17D vaccine strain is a safe and effective vaccine and a valuable model system for evaluating immune responses against attenuated viral variants. This study compared the in vitro interactions of the commercially available yellow fever vaccine (YF-VAX), Dengue virus and the live-attenuated dengue vaccine PDK50 with dendritic cells (DCs), the main antigen-presenting cells at the initiation of immune responses. Similar to PDK50, infection with YF-VAX generated activated DCs; however, for YF-VAX, activation occurred with limited intracellular virus replication. The majority of internalized virus co-localized with endolysosomal markers within 90 min, suggesting that YF-VAX is processed rapidly in DCs. These results indicate that restricted virus replication and lysosomal compartmentalization may be important contributing factors to the success of the YF-VAX vaccine.