HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Smura, T. P. Articles by Roivainen, M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Smura, T. P. Articles by Roivainen, M. Agricola Articles by Smura, T. P. Articles by Roivainen, M.

Enterovirus 94, a proposed new serotype in human enterovirus species D

¹ Enterovirus Laboratory, Department of Viral Diseases and Immunology, National Public Health Institute (KTL), Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland
² Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-17182 Solna, Sweden

Correspondence
Merja Roivainen
Merja.Roivainen{at}ktl.fi

The genus Enterovirus (family Picornaviridae) contains five species with strains isolated from humans: Human enterovirus A (HEV-A), HEV-B, HEV-C, HEV-D and Poliovirus. In this study, a proposed new serotype of HEV-D was characterized. Four virus strains were isolated from sewage in Egypt and one strain from acute flaccid paralysis cases in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The complete genome of one environmental isolate, the complete coding sequence of one clinical isolate and complete VP1 regions from the other isolates were sequenced. These isolates had 66.6–69.4 % nucleotide similarity and 74.7–76.6 % amino acid sequence similarity in the VP1 region with the closest enterovirus serotype, enterovirus 70 (EV70), suggesting that the isolates form a new enterovirus type, tentatively designated enterovirus 94 (EV94). Phylogenetic analyses including sequences of the 5' UTR, VP1 and 3D regions demonstrated that EV94 isolates formed a monophyletic group within the species HEV-D. No evidence of recombination was found between EV94 and the other HEV-D serotypes, EV68 and EV70. Further biological characterization showed that EV94 was acid stable and had a wide cell tropism in vitro. Attempts to prevent replication with protective antibodies to known enterovirus receptors (poliovirus receptor, vitronectin _v3 receptor and decay accelerating factor) were not successful. Seroprevalence studies in the Finnish population revealed a high prevalence of this virus over the past two decades.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the sequences reported in this paper are DQ916376–DQ916379 and EF107097–EF107098.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. Blomqvist, A. Paananen, C. Savolainen-Kopra, T. Hovi, and M. Roivainen Eight Years of Experience with Molecular Identification of Human Enteroviruses J. Clin. Microbiol., July 1, 2008; 46(7): 2410 - 2413. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Smura, S. Blomqvist, A. Paananen, T. Vuorinen, Z. Sobotova, V. Bubovica, O. Ivanova, T. Hovi, and M. Roivainen Enterovirus surveillance reveals proposed new serotypes and provides new insight into enterovirus 5'-untranslated region evolution J. Gen. Virol., September 1, 2007; 88(9): 2520 - 2526. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]