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1 DDL Diagnostic Laboratory, Voorburg, The Netherlands
2 Department of Medical Microbiology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
3 Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Correspondence
Mariet C. W. Feltkamp
m.c.w.feltkamp{at}lumc.nl
Infections with human papillomaviruses (HPVs) belonging to the genus Betapapillomavirus have been linked to the development of non-melanoma skin cancer. Although persistence is expected, systematic investigation of this aspect of betapapillomavirus (
-PV) infection has not been conducted. This study investigated the prevalence and persistence of 25 known -PV types in the skin of immunocompetent individuals. Over a 2 year period, eight consecutive plucked eyebrow hair samples taken from 23 healthy individuals were analysed for the presence of -PV DNA. Using a recently published general -PV PCR and genotyping method, 61 % of the individuals were -PV DNA positive for one or more types at intake, whereas during follow-up this percentage rose to 96 %. HPV23 was the most frequently detected -PV type. Type-specific -PV DNA was detected over 6 months or longer in 74 % of the individuals. In 57 % of the individuals, DNA from multiple -PV types was detected simultaneously for 6 months or longer. When the detection intervals of all -PV type-specific infections in the study population were considered, a substantial proportion, 48 %, lasted at least half a year. The consistent -PV patterns found over time in most individuals strongly suggested that -PV DNA detection in plucked eyebrow hairs reveals true -PV infection. If the minimum interval of detection was set at 6 months, persistent -PV infections were found in the majority of the study population (74 %).
These authors contributed equally to this paper.
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