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Virus-associated host CD62L increases attachment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to endothelial cells and enhances trans infection of CD4⁺ T lymphocytes

Research Center in Infectious Diseases, CHUL Research Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada

Correspondence
Michel J. Tremblay
michel.j.tremblay{at}crchul.ulaval.ca

Previous studies have identified several host-derived cell-surface proteins incorporated within emerging human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles. Some of these molecules play a role in different steps of the virus life cycle and are often advantageous for the virus. We report here that the leukocyte L-selectin (also called CD62L) remains functional when inserted within the envelope of HIV-1. Indeed, we demonstrate that adsorption of virions to endothelial cells is enhanced upon acquisition of host-derived CD62L. The more important binding of CD62L-bearing HIV-1 particles resulted in a more efficient virus transmission to CD4⁺ T lymphocytes. Capture and eventual transfer of such CD62L-bearing virions by the endothelium could play a role in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection.