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J Gen Virol 89 (2008), 2299-2302; DOI 10.1099/vir.0.2008/001180-0

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Short Communication

A third genotype of the human parvovirus PARV4 in sub-Saharan Africa

Peter Simmonds1, Jill Douglas1, Giovanna Bestetti2, Erika Longhi2, Spinello Antinori2, Carlo Parravicini2 and Mario Corbellino2

1 Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh, Summerhall, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK
2 Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine and Pathology Departments, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milano, Italy

Correspondence
Peter Simmonds
peter.simmonds{at}ed.ac.uk

PARV4 is a recently discovered human parvovirus widely distributed in injecting drug users in the USA and Europe, particularly in those co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Like parvovirus B19, PARV4 persists in previously exposed individuals. In bone marrow and lymphoid tissue, PARV4 sequences were detected in two sub-Saharan African study subjects with AIDS but without a reported history of parenteral exposure and who were uninfected with hepatitis C virus. PARV4 variants infecting these subjects were phylogenetically distinct from genotypes 1 and 2 (formerly PARV5) that were reported previously. Analysis of near-complete genome sequences demonstrated that they should be classified as a third (equidistant) PARV4 genotype. The availability of a further near-complete genome sequence of this novel genotype facilitated identification of conserved novel open reading frames embedded in the ORF2 coding sequence; one encoded a putative protein with identifiable homology to SAT proteins of members of the genus Parvovirus.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the NG_OR and CD_BM sequences determined in this study are EU252026, EU254716 and EU874248–EU874250.

A supplementary figure and two supplementary tables are available with the online version of this paper.






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