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J Gen Virol 90 (2009), 702-709; DOI 10.1099/vir.0.007377-0

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Porcine endogenous retroviruses PERV A and A/C recombinant are insensitive to a range of divergent mammalian TRIM5{alpha} proteins including human TRIM5{alpha}

Andrew Wood1, Benjamin L. J. Webb1, Birke Bartosch2, Torsten Schaller1, Yasuhiro Takeuchi1 and Greg J. Towers1

1 MRC Centre for Medical Molecular Virology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, 46 Cleveland Street, London W1T 4JF, UK
2 Université de Lyon, (UCB-Lyon1), IFR128, Lyon, F-69007, France; INSERM, U758, Lyon, F-69007, France; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, F-69007, France

Correspondence
Greg J. Towers
g.towers{at}ucl.ac.uk

The potential risk of cross-species transmission of porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) to humans has slowed the development of xenotransplantation, using pigs as organ donors. Here, we show that PERVs are insensitive to restriction by divergent TRIM5{alpha} molecules despite the fact that they strongly restrict a variety of divergent lentiviruses. We also show that the human PERV A/C recombinant clone 14/220 reverse transcribes with increased efficiency in human cells, leading to significantly higher infectivity. We conclude that xenotransplantation studies should consider the danger of highly infectious TRIM5{alpha}-insensitive human-tropic PERV recombinants.






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