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Originally published as JGV in Press, 10.1099/vir.0.009647-0 on March 12, 2009 J Gen Virol 90 (2009), 1767-1774; DOI 10.1099/vir.0.009647-0

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Vertical transmission of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus: hitch-hiking from gametes to seedling

Khalid Amari, Lorenzo Burgos, Vicente Pallás{dagger} and Maria Amelia Sánchez-Pina

Dpto. de Biología del Estrés y Patología Vegetal, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, PO Box 164, 30010 Espinardo-Murcia, Spain

Correspondence
Maria Amelia Sánchez-Pina
spina{at}cebas.csic.es

The aim of this work was to follow Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) infection in apricot reproductive tissues and transmission of the virus to the next generation. For this, an analysis of viral distribution in apricot reproductive organs was carried out at different developmental stages. PNRSV was detected in reproductive tissues during gametogenesis. The virus was always present in the nucellus and, in some cases, in the embryo sac. Studies within infected seeds at the embryo globular stage revealed that PNRSV infects all parts of the seed, including embryo, endosperm and testa. In the torpedo and bent cotyledon developmental stages, high concentrations of the virus were detected in the testa and endosperm. At seed maturity, PNRSV accumulated slightly more in the embryo than in the cotyledons. In situ hybridization showed the presence of PNRSV RNA in embryos obtained following hand-pollination of virus-free pistils with infected pollen. Interestingly, tissue-printing from fruits obtained from these pistils showed viral RNA in the periphery of the fruits, whereas crosses between infected pistils and infected pollen resulted in a total invasion of the fruits. Taken together, these results shed light on the vertical transmission of PNRSV from gametes to seedlings.

{dagger}Present address: Instituto de Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, UPV-CSIC, Avda. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.

A supplementary figure showing dwarfed plants grown from PNRSV-infected seeds is available with the online version of this paper.






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