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Published online ahead of print on 4 March 2009 as doi:10.1099/vir.0.009621-0
Journal of General Virology 2009;90:1491.

A more recent version of this article appeared on June 1, 2009 J Gen Virol (2009), DOI 10.1099/vir.0.009621-0
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Role of antilipopolysaccharide factor from the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, in protection from white spot syndrome virus infection

Sirinit Tharntada1, Sirikwan Ponprateep1, Kunlaya Somboonwiwat1, Haipeng Liu2, Irene Soderhall2, Kenneth Soderhall2 and Anchalee Tassanakajon1,3

1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
2 Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden

3 E-mail: anchalee.k{at}chula.ac.th

The antilipopolysaccharide factor (ALF) from the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, has previously been shown to exhibit a broad spectrum of activity against various strains of bacteria and fungi. Herein, the recombinant ALFPm3 (rALFPm3) protein was examined for its role in the defense against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in hematopoietic (Hpt) cell cultures of the freshwater crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, as well as in live P. monodon shrimps. Incubation of Hpt cell cultures with a mixture of WSSV and rALFPm3 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in VP28 gene expression levels, compared with those incubated with WSSV alone, with an rALFPm3 IC50 value of less than 2.5 µM. However, pre-treatment of Hpt cells with 5 µM of rALFPm3 showed no induced protection against subsequent WSSV infection, whereas the synthetic crayfish ALF peptide could protect cells at a higher concentration (10 µM). The in vivo role of ALFPm3 was examined by injection of P. monodon with WSSV pre-treated with rALFPm3 protein. The results clearly showed that rALFPm3 was able to reduce WSSV propagation and prolong the survival of shrimps.

Received 15 December 2008; accepted 25 February 2009.




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