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1 MRC Virology Unit, Institute of Virology, Church Street, Glasgow G11 5JR, UK
2 Molecular Virology Laboratories, Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
Correspondence
Andrew Davison
a.davison{at}vir.gla.ac.uk
The gene complement of wild-type human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is incompletely understood, on account of the size and complexity of the viral genome and because laboratory strains have undergone deletions and rearrangements during adaptation to growth in culture. We have determined the sequence (241 087 bp) of chimpanzee cytomegalovirus (CCMV) and have compared it with published HCMV sequences from the laboratory strains AD169 and Toledo, with the aim of clarifying the gene content of wild-type HCMV. The HCMV and CCMV genomes are moderately diverged and essentially collinear. On the basis of conservation of potential protein-coding regions and other sequence features, we have discounted 51 previously proposed HCMV ORFs, modified the interpretations for 24 (including assignments of multiple exons) and proposed ten novel genes. Several errors were detected in the published HCMV sequences. We presently recognize 165 genes in CCMV and 145 in AD169; this compares with an estimate of 189 unique genes for AD169 made in 1990. Our best estimate for the complement of wild-type HCMV is 164 to 167 genes.
The GenBank accession number of the CCMV sequence reported in this paper is AF480884, and that for our third-party annotation of the HCMV AD169 sequence is BK000394. Details of the updated interpretations of the HCMV Toledo and Towne sequences are available from the author for correspondence.
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M. S. Mavinakere and A. M. Colberg-Poley Dual targeting of the human cytomegalovirus UL37 exon 1 protein during permissive infection J. Gen. Virol., February 1, 2004; 85(2): 323 - 329. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. Murphy, D. Yu, J. Grimwood, J. Schmutz, M. Dickson, M. A. Jarvis, G. Hahn, J. A. Nelson, R. M. Myers, and T. E. Shenk Coding potential of laboratory and clinical strains of human cytomegalovirus PNAS, December 9, 2003; 100(25): 14976 - 14981. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Yue, S. S. Zhou, and P. A. Barry Antibody responses to rhesus cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B in naturally infected rhesus macaques J. Gen. Virol., December 1, 2003; 84(12): 3371 - 3379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. Dunn, C. Chou, H. Li, R. Hai, D. Patterson, V. Stolc, H. Zhu, and F. Liu Functional profiling of a human cytomegalovirus genome PNAS, November 25, 2003; 100(24): 14223 - 14228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. Murphy, I. Rigoutsos, T. Shibuya, and T. E. Shenk Reevaluation of human cytomegalovirus coding potential PNAS, November 11, 2003; 100(23): 13585 - 13590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. C. Silva, Q.-C. Yu, L. Enquist, and T. Shenk Human Cytomegalovirus UL99-Encoded pp28 Is Required for the Cytoplasmic Envelopment of Tegument-Associated Capsids J. Virol., October 1, 2003; 77(19): 10594 - 10605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. J. Davison, P. Akter, C. Cunningham, A. Dolan, C. Addison, D. J. Dargan, A. F. Hassan-Walker, V. C. Emery, P. D. Griffiths, and G. W. G. Wilkinson Homology between the human cytomegalovirus RL11 gene family and human adenovirus E3 genes J. Gen. Virol., March 1, 2003; 84(3): 657 - 663. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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