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Published online ahead of print on 4 March 2009 as doi:10.1099/vir.0.007963-0
Journal of General Virology 2009;90:1141.

A more recent version of this article appeared on May 1, 2009 J Gen Virol (2009), DOI 10.1099/vir.0.007963-0
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Rev regulates translation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 RNAs

Harriet C. T. Groom1, Emma C. Anderson2, John Dangerfield3 and Andrew M. L. Lever1,4

1 University of Cambridge;
2 University of Warwick;
3 University for Veterinary Sciences, Vienna

4 E-mail: sgd21{at}medschl.cam.ac.uk

Full length human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) RNA acts as both messenger RNA, encoding Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins, and genomic RNA. Translation of this RNA must be tightly controlled to allow sufficient protein synthesis prior to a switch to particle production. The viral protein Rev stimulates nuclear export of unspliced HIV-1 RNAs containing the Rev Response Element but may also stimulate translation of these RNAs. We previously identified an additional Rev binding site in the 5' untranslated region of the HIV-1 RNA. We show that Rev inhibits translation non-specifically at high concentrations and stimulates translation of HIV-1 RNAs at intermediate concentrations in vitro. Stimulation is dependent on the presence of the Rev binding site within the 5' untranslated region and not on the Rev response element. In COS-1 cells, translation from an HIV-1 reporter is specifically increased by coexpression of Rev.

Received 16 October 2008; accepted 13 January 2009.


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