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Published online ahead of print on 22 April 2009 as doi:10.1099/vir.0.010090-0
Journal of General Virology 2009;90:1978.

A more recent version of this article appeared on August 1, 2009 J Gen Virol (2009), DOI 10.1099/vir.0.010090-0
© 2009 Society for General Microbiology
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Comparison of Twelve Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Virus Isolates Allows for Prediction of Genetic Factors Affecting Virulence

Nathan M. Beach1, R.B. Duncan, C.T. Larsen, X.J. Meng, N. Sriranganathan and F.W. Pierson

Virginia Tech

1 E-mail: beachnm{at}gmail.com

Turkey hemorrhagic enteritis virus (THEV) is a Siadenovirus that causes disease in turkey poults characterized by splenomegaly, bloody diarrhea, and death. The mechanism responsible for intestinal lesion formation and mortality is not known, though there is strong evidence that it is immune mediated. All strains of THEV are serologically indistinguishable, though there are naturally occurring avirulent strains of THEV that replicate efficiently in turkeys without the intestinal hemorrhage or mortality associated with more virulent strains of THEV. The purpose of this study was to determine which viral genes are involved in virulence. The full length genome of an avirulent vaccine strain was sequenced and then compared with the genome of a virulent field isolate from Israel that was sequenced in 1998. Comparison of the two 26.3 kb genomes revealed 49 nucleotide differences resulting in 14 putative amino acid changes within viral proteins. Sequencing of the regions surrounding the 14 missense mutations revealed variations in ORF1, E3, and fib knob domain in five additional strains with varying degrees of virulence. Complete sequences of these genes were determined in a total of eleven different strains of THEV. All strains had at least one missense mutation in ORF1, and all but two of the strains had one missense mutation in E3. At least one missense mutation was found in the fiber knob domain in 6 of 7 virulent strains. Sequence variation of ORF1, E3, and fib in strains of THEV with different phenotypes strongly indicates these genes are the key factors affecting virulence.

Received 7 January 2009; accepted 16 April 2009.




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